Qualitative analysis of Gynostemma longipes for medicinal usage / 中国中药杂志

The Qinling-Daba Mountains area is the main producing areas of Gynostemma longipes for medicinal usage, and samples of wild whole plants in Pingli, Shaanxi Province and Qingchuan, Sichuan Province were collected. The ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry(UHPLC-Q-TOF-MS~E) was used to profile the chemical compositions and analyze the similarities and differences of G. longipes samples in these areas. Based on the accurate molecular weight and fragment information obtained from Q-TOF-MS~E, the structures of the main components were identified by combining with the mass spectra, chromatographic behaviors of reference standards and related literatures. The results showed that the components of wild G. longipes from different places among Qinling-Daba Mountains area were similar. Forty-five chemical components were identified in the whole plant of G. longipes from Pingli, Shaanxi Province, including 43 triterpenoid saponins and 2 flavonoids which contain all main peaks in its fingerprint. The main components are dammarane-type triterpenoid saponins, such asgypenoside ⅩLⅨ, gypenoside A and its malonylated product of glycosyl.

Effect of Yuyin Ruangan Granule on TGF-β1 expression in hepatic fibrosis rats / 中国应用生理学杂志

OBJECTIVES@#To observe the preventive and therapeutic action of Yuyin Ruangan Granule (YRG, Traditional Chinese Medicine) in hepatic fibrosis rats model and its effect on transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) expression.@*METHODS@#The Wistar rats were randomly divided into 6 group (=10), and the model of hepatic fibrosis rats was established by subcutaneous injected with carbon tetrachloride (CCL4), fed on high-fat diet and 20% ethanol for 6 weeks, to survey the effect and mechanism of YRG preventing hypatic fibrosis by detecting liver function (the activity of alanine aminotransferase(ALT), aspartate aminotransferase(AST), etc.) of liver fibrosis rats, liver fibrosis indicators (hyaluronic acid, Ⅲ procollagen, type IV collagen, laminin and hepatic pathology, etc.), and TGF-β1 expression in liver tissue after 6 weeks treated with YRG through intragastric administration (q. d.).@*RESULTS@#At the 7 week, fibrotic lesions appears distinctly in liver tissue of model group compared with control group (<0.01), YRG of 6.2~28.8 g/kg could significantly decrease hepatic index, ALT and AST activities, content of hyaluronic acid(HA), Ⅲ procollagen (PCⅢ), type Ⅳ collagen(C-Ⅳ), laminin (LN) in serum, relieve liver fibrosis pathological changes and inhibit TGF-β1 expression in fibrotic liver tissue (<0.05, <0.01).@*CONCLUSIONS@#YRG has significantly preventive effects on liver fibrosis rats model, and it may be one of its mechanisms to inhibit expression of TGF-β1.

Establishment and evaluation of a mouse model of bronchial asthma with Yin deficiency syndrome / 中国应用生理学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To establish and evaluate a mouse model of bronchial asthma with Yin deficiency syndrome.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The mouse model of bronchial asthma with Yin deficiency syndrome was established by the treatment with injecting ovalbumin (OVA) two times to sensitize, inhaling OVA 14 times to stimulate, and using thyroxin through lavage during late stimulation. This model was evaluated through body weight, asthmatic behaviors, respiratory function, autonomous activity, lung pathology, and pulmonary fluid clearance.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>OVA combined with thyroxin was an appropriate method to induce the mouse model with increased food and water intake, autonomous activity, asthmatic behaviors score, and respiratory rate, decreased body weight, tidal volume, and wet/dry ratio of lung, and changed with pathology of lung tissue. The changes of the above mentioned parameters indicated that the model was the bronchial asthma with Yin deficiency syndrome.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The OVA combined with thyroxin is a good pattern to establish a mouse model of bronchial asthma with Yin deficiency syndrome successfully, which can highly simulate the clinical symptoms of this disease.</p>

Effect of Volatile Oil of Radix Angelicae Sinensis on experimental asthma in rats / 中国应用生理学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the effects of Volatile Oil of Radix Angelicae Sinensis (VOA) on experimental asthma in rat model based on abnormal immune functions of Treg cells.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>After grouping, the asthmatic rats were developed through injecting OVA and AI(OH)3 for sensitization and then administering OVA aerosol for challenge, and the respiratory functions, asthmatic behaviors, IL-10 levels in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) (ELISA) and Foxp3 expression (immunohistochemistry) in lung of asthmatic rats were observed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>VOA at the doses of 40-160 mg/kg could improve the respiratory functions and the asthmatic behaviors, and upgrade IL-10 levels in BALF and Foxp3 expression in lung of asthmatic rats.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>VOA has some effects of anti-asthma and one of the mechanisms is to improving the lower immune functions of Treg cells.</p>

Impact of imipenem treatment on colonic mycobiota in rats with double-hit sepsis / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>Broad-spectrum antibiotic administration promotes intestinal colonization of exogenous fungal pathogens in healthy animals and has been recognized as one of the risk factors of invasive fungal infection in clinical settings. It is unclear whether broad-spectrum antibiotic treatment would change the intestinal mycobiota without exogenous fungal challenge in the context of sepsis.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>We established a rat model of double-hit sepsis using burn injury and endotoxin challenge. Rats with burn injury or double-hit sepsis received imipenem treatment for 3 days or 9 days, and their colon contents were sampled for selective fungal culture and isolation counts.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Imipenem treatment promoted the overgrowth of the commensal fungus Geotrichum capitatum in rats with burn injury. Imipenem treatment also promoted colon colonization by exogenous fungi in rats with burn injury and double-hit sepsis, including Trichosporon cutaneum, Candida albicans, Candida krusei, and Candida glabrata. A longer duration of imipenem treatment had a stronger impact on colon colonization by exogenous fungi.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Imipenem treatment facilitates the overgrowth of commensal fungi and colonization by exogenous, potentially pathogenic fungi in the colons of rats with burn injury or double-hit sepsis.</p>

Effects of enteral immunonutrition on immune function in patients with multiple trauma / 世界急诊医学杂志（英文）

BACKGROUND: Enteral immunonutrition (EIN) refers to addition of some specific nutrients in enteral nutrition (EN), which can help to increase the immune function, and reduce the inflammatory reaction and septic complications. This study aimed to determine whether EIN can improve the immune function in multiple trauma patients. METHODS: Thirty-two patients with multiple trauma who had been admitted to the general ICU of Changzheng Hospital, Shanghai, from March 2007 to May 2008, were randomly divided into two groups: an enteral immunonutrition group (EIN group, n=16) and an enteral nutrition group (EN group, n=16). EIN suspension (RuiNeng produced by Sino-Swed Co., Ltd) and ordinary nutrition liquid (RuiSu produced by Sino-Swed Co., Ltd) were given to patients of the EIN group and EN group respectively for at least for 14 days. Peripheral blood lymphocyte count (TLC), immunoglobulin (IgG, IgM, IgA), and T-lymphocyte subsets (CD3, CD4, CD8, CD4 / CD8) were detected on the 1st day after grouping, and the 7th day and 14th day after nutritional support. RESULTS: TLC, IgG, IgM, IgA, CD4 and CD4/CD8 ratio were significantly higher in the EIN group on the 7th and 14th day than that on the 1st day (P<0.05), and continually increased with a prolonged time of EIN. The parameters of immune function in the EN group on the 7th day didn't change significantly compared with those on the 1st day after grouping; on the 14 th day, TLC, IgG, IgM, IgA, CD4 and CD4/CD8 ratio were significantly higher than those on the 1st day after grouping (P<0.05), but were significantly lower than those in the EIN group on the 14th day (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: Compared with the general formula EN, EIN is more helpful for the recovery of humoral and cellular immune function in the early post-multitraumatic phase.

Clinical study on electroacupuncture combined with acupoint sticking therapy for treatment of chronic ulcerative colitis / 中国针灸

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To compare the clinical efficacy on chronic ulcerative colitis between electroacupuncture (EA) combined with acupoint sticking therapy (AST) and western medicine.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Ninety cases were randomly divided into EA + AST group and western medication group, 45 cases in each one. In EA + AST group, (1) Zhongwan (CV 12), Tianshu (ST 25), Guanyuan (CV 4), Qihai (CV 6) and (2) Shangjuxu (ST 37), Pishu (BL 20), Dachangshu (BL 25), Zusanli (ST 36) were selected for EA and AST by turns. In western medication group, Mesalazine was administered orally. Clinical symptom evaluation and colonoscopic examination were conducted respectively before and after treatment, and the differences in efficacy were compared.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>In EA + AST group, the total effective rate of clinical symptoms was 91.1% (41/45) and the total effective rate of the colonoscopic improvements in mucosal lesions was 84.4% (38/45), which were all superior to those (73.3%, 33/45; 66.7%, 30/45) in medication group (both P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The combination of electroacupuncture and acupoint sticking therapy can improve in clinical symptoms and colonoscopic mucosal lesions significantly in the patients with ulcerative colitis and the efficacy of it is superior to that of Mesalazine.</p>

SLIDE MAKING METHODS FOR PREDACIOUS NEMATODE FUNGI / 微生物学通报

Some problems were settled in making permanent slide for predacious nematode fungi by slide cultivation and cotton blue stain. Method of small-hole culture covered with slides could obtain high quality images, which solved the problem that trapping device couldn't be observed with high-power microscopes and oil-immersion microscopes. Scraping slide technique improved the method of making temporary slides.